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Committee on Infectious Diseases, 2001–2003
Jon S. Abramson, MD, Chairperson
Carol J. Baker, MD
Robert S. Baltimore, MD
Joseph A. Bocchini, MD
Margaret C. Fisher, MD
Michael A. Gerber, MD
Sarah S. Long, MD
Julia A. McMillan, MD
Dennis L. Murray, MD
H. Cody Meissner, MD
Gary D. Overturf, MD
Keith R. Powell, MD
Charles G. Prober, MD
Margaret B. Rennels, MD
Thomas N. Saari, MD
Leonard B. Weiner, MD
Richard J. Whitley, MD
Ex-officio, 2003 Edition
Larry K. Pickering, MD, Red Book Editor
Liaisons, 2003 Edition
Scott F. Dowell, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Marc A. Fischer, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Bruce G. Gellin, MD, MPH, National Vaccine Program Office
Joanne Embree, MD, Canadian Pediatric Society
Martin C. Mahoney, MD, PhD, American Academy of Family Physicians
Mamodikoe Makhene, MD, National Institutes of Health
Martin G. Myers, MD, National Vaccine Program Office
Katherine L. O’Brien, MD, MPH, National Institutes of Health
Walter A. Orenstein, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Peter A. Patriarca, MD, Food and Drug Administration
Douglas R. Pratt, MD, Food and Drug Administration
Jeffrey R. Starke, MD, American Thoracic Society
AAP Liaisons, 2003 Edition
Lance Chilton, MD, Practice Action Group
Jack Swanson, MD, Practice Action Group
Consultants, 2003 Edition
John S. Finlayson, PhD
Mark W. Kline, MD
Edgar O. Ledbetter, MD
Morven S. Edwards, MD
George H. McCracken, Jr, MD
Collaborators, 2003 Edition
On behalf of the American Academy of Pediatrics, the committee gratefully acknowledges the invaluable assistance provided by the following individuals who served as contributors and reviewers in the preparation of this edition of the Red Book. Their expertise, critical review, and cooperation are essential in the committee’s continuing review and revisions of its recommendations for the management, control, and prevention of infectious diseases in children.
Every attempt has been made to recognize all those who contributed to this edition of the Red Book; the Academy regrets any omissions that may have occurred.
Mark Abramowicz, MD, The Medical Letter, Rochelle, NY
David G. Addiss, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Renata Albrecht, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
John Alexander, MD, MPH, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Lorraine Alexander, RN, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Miriam J. Alter, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Larry J. Anderson, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Lennox Archibald, MD, MRCP(UK), DTM&H, Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Atlanta, GA
David M. Asher, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
David Ashford, DVM, MPH, DSc, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Chintamani D. Atreya, PhD, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD
William L. Atkinson, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Kassa Ayalew, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Leslie K. Ball, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Office of Human Research
Protections, Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD
Margaret C. Bash, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Melisse Sloas Baylor, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Mark E. Beatty, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Judy Beeler, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Ermias D. Belay, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Beth P. Bell, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
David Bell, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Stuart M. Berman, MD, ScM, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Caryn Bern, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
David I. Bernstein, MD, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center,
Cincinnati, OH
Richard E. Besser, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Kristine M. Bisgard, DVM, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
David Blair, PhD, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
Martin Blaser, MD, Cornell University School of Medicine, Ithaca, NY
Robert Bortolussi, MD, FRCPC, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia,
Canada
Christopher R. Braden, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Mary L. Brandt, MD, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
Joseph S. Bresee, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Marc Bulterys, MD, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Jane L. Burns, MD, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
William Cameron, MD, Ottawa General Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Neil R. Cashman, MD, FRCP(C), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Shadi Chamany, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Mary E. Chamberland, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Robert T. Chen, MD, MA, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
P. Joan Chesney, MD, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
James E. Childs, ScD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Tom M. Chiller, MD, MPHTM, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Ilin Chuang, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Thomas A. Clark, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Thomas G. Cleary, MD, University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center,
Houston, TX
Joanne Cono, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Charles K. Cooper, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Ralph Cordell, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Armando G. Correa, MD, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
Margaret Mary Cortese, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Edward M. Cox, MD, MPH, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Robert B. Craven, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Fort Collins, CO
John A. Crump, MB, ChB, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Therese Cvetkovich, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Inger Damon, MD, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Alma C. Davidson, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Jeffrey P. Davis, MD, Wisconsin Division of Public Health, Madison, WI
Dickson D. Despommier, BS, MS, PhD, Columbia University, New York, NY
Bakary S. Drammeh, DrPH, MT(ASCP), Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Peter Dull, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Eileen F. Dunne, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Morven S. Edwards, MD, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
Lawrence F. Eichenfield, MD, Children’s Hospital San Diego-University of
California, San Diego, CA
Dean Erdman, DrPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Joseph J. Esposito, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Geoffrey Evans, MD, Vaccine Injury Compensation Program, Health Resources
and Services Administration, Rockville, MD
Karen M. Farizo, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Daniel R. Feikin, MD, MSPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Stephen M. Feinstone, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD
Anthony E. Fiore, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Patricia M. Flynn, MD, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
Kimberley K. Fox, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Carl Frasch, PhD, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD
Scott K. Fridkin, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Keiji Fukuda, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
D. Futterman, MD, Montefiore Medical Center at the Children's Hospital,
Bronx, NY
Karin Galil, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
William K. Gallo, Jr, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Lawrence Gartner, MD, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
Michael Gerber, MD, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center,
Cincinnati, OH
Francis Gigliotti, MD, University of Rochester-School of Medicine & Dentistry,
Rochester, NY
Laurence B. Givner, MD, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-
Salem, NC
Karen L. Goldenthal, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Richard Gorman, MD, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
Rachel J. Gorwitz, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
David P. Greenberg, MD, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
Carolyn M. Greene, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Amita Gupta, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Rana A. Hajjeh, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Caroline B. Hall, MD, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
Edward B. Hayes, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Fort Collins, CO
Rita F. Helfand, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Barbara L. Herwaldt, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
David R. Hill, MD, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT
Margaret K. Hostetter, MD, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
Peter J. Hotez, MD, PhD, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
Ekopimo O. Ibia, MD, MPH, MRCP(UK), MR, Food and Drug Administration,
Rockville, MD
Joseph P. Icenogle, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
John K. Iskander, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Richard F. Jacobs, MD, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
William R. Jarvis, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
John Jereb, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Rosemary Johann-Liang, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Robert E. Johnson, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
M. Suzanne Johnson-DeLeon, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Jeffrey L. Jones, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Joshua D. Jones, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Dennis D. Juranek, DVM, MSc, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Pavani Kalluri, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Harry Keyserling, MD, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
Nino Khetsuriani, MD, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Martin B. Kleiman, MD, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
Dennis J. Kopecko, PhD, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD
Emilia H. A. Koumans, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Philip R. Krause, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD
Steven Krug, MD, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
T. G. Ksiazek, DVM, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Matthew J. Kuehnert, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Michael F. Lademarco, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Nicole Le Saux, MD, FRCPC, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario-University
of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Lucia Lee, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD
Linda L. Lewis, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD
Jay M. Lieberman, MD, Miller Children's Hospital, Long Beach, CA
Jairam R. Lingappa, MD, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Robert W. Linkins, MPH, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Mark N. Lobato, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Stephen P. Luby, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Ronald E. Lundquist, PhD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
James H. Maguire, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Susan A. Maloney, MD, MHSc, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Tahir H. Malik, PhD, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD
Harold S. Margolis, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Lewis Markoff, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD
Norman Marks, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Michael T. Martin, MD, MSc, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Eric E. Mast, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Lisa L. Mathis, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Leonard W. Mayer, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Anne E. McCarthy, MD, FRCPC, DTM&H, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa,
Ontario, Canada
Michael M. McNeil, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Jennifer H. McQuiston, DVM, MS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Paul Mead, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Michael Merchlinsky, PhD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Richard F. Meyer, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
James N. Mills, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
ChrisAnna Marie Mink, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Douglas K. Mitchell, MD, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA
John F. Modlin, MD, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH
Nasim Moledina, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Anne C. Moore, MD, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Matthew R. Moore, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Gina T. Mootrey, DO, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Juliette Morgan, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Jean M. Mulinde, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Trudy V. Murphy, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Dennis Murray, MD, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA
Tippavan Nagachinta, MD, DrPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Sumathi Nambiar, MD, MPH, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
James P. Nataro, MD, PhD, University of Maryland School of Medicine,
Baltimore, MD
Stuart T. Nichol, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Glen J. Nowak, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Thomas B. Nutman, MD, National Institutes for Health, Bethesda, MD
Michael O’Reilly, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Michael Osterholm, PhD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Christopher D. Paddock, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Anil A. Panackal, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Adelisa L. Panlilio, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Mark Papania, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Monica E. Parise, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Andrew T. Pavia, MD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
Bradley Perkins, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Joseph F. Perz, DrPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Georges Peter, MD, Brown Medical School, Providence, RI
Lyle R. Petersen, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Joseph Piesman, DSc, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO
Janice K. Pohlman, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Jean Popiak, MHA, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Tanja Popovic, MD, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Linda Quick, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Rob Quick, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Conrad Quinn, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Pratima L. Raghunathan, PhD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Mobeen H. Rathore, MD, University of Florida Health Science Center,
Jacksonville, FL
Susan Reef, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Megan E. Reller, MDCM, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Mary G. Reynolds, PhD, MS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Frank O. Richards, Jr, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Rosemary Roberts, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Lance Rodewald, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
William J. Rodriguez, MD, PhD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Patricia J. Rohan, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Pierre Rollin, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Martha Roper, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
James P. Rosen, MD, University of Connecticut Medical School, West Hartford, CT
Nancy E. Rosenstein, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Lawrence A. Ross, MD, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
Lorry Rubin, MD, Schneider Children's Hospital, New Hyde Park, NY
Steven A. Rubin, MS, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD
Charles E. Rupprecht, VMD, MS, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Gary Sanden, BS, MS, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Jeanne M. Santoli, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Lawrence A. Schachner, MD, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL
Richard J. Schanler, MD, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
Peter M. Schantz, VMD, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Donald Scott Schmid, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Lawrence B. Schonberger, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Gordon G. Schutze, MD, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences,
Little Rock, AR
Benjamin Schwartz, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
James Sejvar, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Jane F. Seward, MBBS, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Andi L. Shane, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Eugene D. Shapiro, MD, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
Colin W. Shepard, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Mary E. Sheperd, MDCM, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Thomas D. Smith, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Robert H. Snyder, MA, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Jeremy Sobel, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Padmini Srikantiah, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Joseph W. St. Geme III, MD, Washington University School of Medicine,
St. Louis, MO
Mary Allen Staat, MD, MPH, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
David S. Stephens, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
John A. Stewart, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Paul C. Stillwell, MD, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ
Peter M. Strebel, MBChB, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Raymond Strikas, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Kanta Subbarao, MBBS, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Madeline Y. Sutton, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Robert V. Tauxe, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Susan D. Thompson, MD, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
Rosemary Tiernan, MD, MPH, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD
James Todd, MD, The Children's Hospital, Denver, CO
Elizabeth R. Unger, PhD, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Timothy M. Uyeki, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Chris A. Van Beneden, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Jay Varma, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Govinda S. Visvesvara, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Ellen R. Wald, MD, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
Gregory Wallace, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Richard J. Wallace, MD, University of Texas Health Center, Tyler, TX
E. Wang, MDCM, MSc, FRCP(c), Aventis Pasteur Limited, Toronto, Ontario,
Canada
David W. Warnock, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Bruce G. Weniger, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Melinda Wharton, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
A. Clinton White Jr, MD, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
Cynthia G. Whitney, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Ellen A. S. Whitney, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Robert A. Wood, MD, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore,
MD
Kimberly A. Workowski, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Fujie Xu, MD, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Kevin Yeskey, MD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Edward J. Young, MD, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
Hussain Yusuf, MBBS, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA
Sherif Zaki, MD, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
Committee on Infectious Diseases, 2001–2003
Front row: Marc A. Fischer, Modena E. H. Wilson, Charles G. Prober, Carol J. Baker, Larry K. Pickering, Gary D. Overturf, Margaret C. Fisher, Edgar O. Ledbetter, Robert S. Baltimore
Second row: Keith R. Powell, Trudy V. Murphy, Leonard B. Weiner, Julia A. McMillan, Douglas R. Pratt, Margaret B. Rennels, Jon S. Abramson, H. Cody Meissner, Joanne Embree, Lance Chilton, Mamodikoe Makhene, Jeffrey R. Starke, Thomas N. Saari
Not pictured: Joseph A. Bocchini, Scott F. Dowell, Bruce G. Gellin, Michael Gerber, Sarah S. Long, Martin C. Mahoney, Dennis L. Murray, Martin G. Myers, Katherine L. O’Brien, Walter A. Orenstein, Peter A. Patriarca, Jack Swanson, Richard J. Whitley
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