American Academy of Pediatrics Banner AAP Bookstore AAP Web site search AAP Members Only Channel American Academy of Pediatrics American Academy of Pediatrics
HomeTable of ContentsVisual LibraryResourcesNewsSubscribeSearchContact usHelp
Red Book Online Logo    

Red Book Online Quick Search
Advanced Search


This Article
Right arrow Images Only
Right arrow Full Version
Right arrow PDF Español
Right arrow Additional Images
Services
Right arrow E-mail this link to a friend
Right arrow Related text in Red Book
Right arrow Add to My File Cabinet
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Articles in Pediatrics
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Right arrow Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Appendices

The following text is from an archived Red Book® edition and may not reflect current recommendations or information. To view the current edition, click here.

Section 3. Summaries of Infectious Diseases

Salmonella Infections

Clinical Manifestations
Etiology
Epidemiology
Diagnostic Tests
Treatment
Isolation of the Hospitalized Patient
Control Measures

Top
 Next
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS: Nontyphoidal Salmonella organisms cause asymptomatic carriage, gastroenteritis, bacteremia, and focal infections (such as meningitis and osteomyelitis). These disease categories are not mutually exclusive but represent a spectrum of illness. The most common illness associated with nontyphoidal Salmonella is gastroenteritis, in which diarrhea, abdominal cramps and tenderness, and fever are common manifestations. The site of infection usually is the small intestine, but colitis can occur. Sustained or intermittent bacteremia can occur, and focal infections are recognized in as many as 10% of patients with bacteremia resulting from Salmonella infection.

Salmonella serotype Typhi and several other Salmonella serotypes may cause a protracted bacteremic illness referred to as enteric or typhoid fever. The onset of illness typically is gradual, with manifestations such as fever, constitutional symptoms (eg, headache, malaise, anorexia, and lethargy), abdominal pain and tenderness, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, rose spots, and changes in mental status. Enteric fever may manifest as a mild, nondescript febrile illness in young children in whom sustained or intermittent bacteremia can occur. Constipation may be an early feature. Diarrhea occurs commonly in children. Recurrent Salmonella bacteremia is an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining condition for adolescents and adults infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).


Top
 Previous
Next
ETIOLOGY: Salmonella organisms are gram-negative bacilli that belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Currently, there are more than 2460 Salmonella serotypes; most that cause human disease are divided among O-antigen groups A through E. Salmonella serotype Typhi is classified in serogroup D. In 2000, the most commonly reported human isolates in the United States were Salmonella serotype Typhimurium (serogroup B), Salmonella serotype Enteritidis (D), Salmonella serotype Newport (C2), Salmonella serotype Heidelberg (B), Salmonella serotype Javiana (D), Salmonella . . . [Go to Full Text]

 
 

Related text in Red Book:

Summary of Major Changes in the 2003 Red Book

Red Book 2003: xxv. [Extract] [Full Version]  

International Travel

Red Book 2003: 93-98. [Extract] [Full Version]  

Children in Out-of-Home Child Care

Red Book 2003: 123-137. [Extract] [Full Version]  

Fluoroquinolones

Red Book 2003: 693-694. [Extract] [Full Version]  



This topic has been referenced by these articles:






HomeTable of ContentsVisual LibraryResourcesNewsSubscribeSearchContact usHelp
Site Requirements | Privacy Policy | Core Values, Vision, and Mission Statement
The recommendations in this online publication do not indicate an exclusive course of treatment or serve as a standard of medical care. Variations, taking into account individual circumstances, may be appropriate.
Copyright © 2003 American Academy of Pediatrics Highwire Press Logo