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Section 3. Summaries of Infectious Diseases
Bacterial Vaginosis
Clinical Manifestations
Etiology
Epidemiology
Diagnostic Tests
Treatment
Isolation of the Hospitalized Patient
Control Measures
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS: Bacterial vaginosis (BV), a syndrome primarily occurring in sexually active adolescent and adult females, is characterized by changes in vaginal flora. Symptoms may include a white, homogenous, adherent vaginal discharge with a fishy odor. Bacterial vaginosis may be asymptomatic and is not associated with abdominal pain, significant pruritus, or dysuria.
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Vaginitis and vulvitis in prepubertal girls usually have a nonspecific cause and rarely are manifestations of BV. In prepubertal girls, other predisposing causes for vaginal discharge include foreign bodies or infections attributable to group A streptococci, Trichomonas vaginalis, herpes simplex virus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae,Chlamydia trachomatis, or Shigella species.
ETIOLOGY: The microbiologic cause of BV has not been delineated clearly. Typical microbiologic findings of specimens obtained from the vagina include an increase in concentrations of Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma species, and anaerobic bacteria and a marked decrease in the concentration of Lactobacillus species.
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EPIDEMIOLOGY:
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