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The following text is from an archived Red Book® edition and may not reflect current recommendations or information. To view the current edition, click here.

The first 20% of the full text of this section appears below.

Section 2. Recommendations for Care of Children in Special Circumstances

BLOOD SAFETY: REDUCING THE RISK OF TRANSFUSION-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS

Improving Blood Safety

A number of strategies have been proposed or implemented to further decrease the risk of transmission of infectious agents through blood and blood products. Various safety strategies are as follows.

ELIMINATION OF INFECTIOUS AGENTS

AGENT INACTIVATION. Virtually all Plasma derivatives, including Immune Globulin Intravenous (IGIV) and clotting factors, are treated to eliminate infectious agents that may be present despite screening measures. Methods used for this include wet and dry heat and treatment with a solvent/detergent. Solvent/detergent-treated pooled Plasma for transfusion is available in the United States, and methods of treating single-donor Plasma are under study. Solvent/detergent treatment dissolves the lipid envelope of HIV, HBV, and HCV but is not effective against nonlipid-enveloped viruses, such as HAV and parvovirus B19.

Because of their fragility, pathogen inactivation of Red Blood Cells and Platelets is more difficult. However, several methods have been developed, such . . . [Go to Full Text]


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