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Section 2. Recommendations for Care of Children in Special Circumstances

Medical Evaluation of Internationally Adopted Children for Infectious Diseases

Viral Hepatitis

In studies conducted primarily during the 1990s, the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in internationally adopted children ranged from 1% to 5%, depending on the country of origin and the year studied. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was prevalent in adoptees from Asia and Africa, regions of high endemicity, and in some countries of central and Eastern Europe (eg, Romania) and states of the former Soviet Union (eg, Russia and Ukraine). Over the past 5 to 10 years, the number of countries with routine infant hepatitis B immunization programs has increased markedly. By 2006, 163 countries, encompassing 84% of the world’s population, had implemented routine infant hepatitis B immunization nationwide. However, administration of a birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine, needed to prevent perinatal transmission from an infected . . . [Go to Full Text]


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