 |
|
| The first 300 words of the full text of this section appear below. |
Section 2. Recommendations for Care of Children in Special Circumstances
Human Milk
Transmission of Infectious Agents via Human Milk
BacteriaViruses
Human Milk Banks
 Top Next |
|---|
BACTERIA
Postpartum mastitis occurs in one third of breastfeeding women in the United States and leads to breast abscesses in 10% of cases. Mastitis and breast abscesses have been associated with the presence of bacterial pathogens in human milk. Breast abscesses have the potential to rupture into the ductal system, releasing large numbers of organisms, such as Staphylococcus aureus, into milk. Although an increase in community-acquired methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA)-associated mastitis corresponding to an increase in community-acquired MRSA prevalence in a community has been noted, cases of infant infection were not increased in a single-center cohort study from 1998–2005. Temporary discontinuation of breastfeeding on the affected breast for 24 to 48 hours after surgical drainage and appropriate antimicrobial therapy may be necessary. In general, infectious mastitis resolves with continued lactation during appropriate antimicrobial therapy and does not pose a significant risk for the healthy term infant. Even when breastfeeding is interrupted on the affected breast, breastfeeding may continue on the unaffected breast.
Women with tuberculosis who have been treated appropriately for 2 or more weeks and who are not considered contagious may breastfeed. Women with tuberculosis disease suspected of being contagious should refrain from breastfeeding and other close contact with the infant because of potential transmission through respiratory tract droplets (see Tuberculosis, p 680). Mycobacterium tuberculosis rarely causes mastitis or a breast abscess, but if a breast abscess caused by M tuberculosis is present, breastfeeding should be discontinued until the mother has received treatment and no longer is considered to be contagious.
Expressed human milk can become contaminated with a variety of bacterial pathogens, including Staphylococcus species and gram-negative bacilli. Outbreaks of gram-negative bacterial
Related text in Red Book:
- Summary of Major Changes in the 2009 Red Book
Red Book 2009: XXIX.[Extract] [Full Version] - General Practices
Red Book 2009: 138-140.[Extract] [Full Version] - Tuberculosis
Red Book 2009: 680-701.[Extract] [Full Version] - Varicella-Zoster Infections
Red Book 2009: 714-727.[Extract] [Full Version] - Hepatitis B
Red Book 2009: 337-356.[Extract] [Full Version] - Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Red Book 2009: 380-400.[Extract] [Full Version]
| Advertisement |
|
|