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Section 3. Summaries of Infectious Diseases

Human Metapneumovirus

Clinical Manifestations
Etiology
Epidemiology
Diagnostic Tests
Treatment
Control Measures

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CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

Since discovery in 2001, human metapneumovirus (hMPV) has been shown to cause acute respiratory tract illness in patients of all ages. Human metapneumovirus is one of the leading causes of bronchiolitis in infants and also causes pneumonia, asthma exacerbations, croup, and upper respiratory tract infections (URIs) with concomitant acute otitis media in children. Otherwise healthy young children infected with hMPV usually have mild or moderate symptoms, but some young children have severe disease requiring hospitalization. Patients from whom hMPV is isolated may have concurrent infection with other viral agents. Risk factors for severe hMPV infection include immunodeficiency disease or therapy causing immunosuppression at any age; fatalities from hMPV infection have been reported in stem cell or lung transplant recipients. Preterm birth and underlying cardiopulmonary disease likely are risk factors, but the degree of risk . . . [Go to Full Text]